Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Advance Care Planning in Patients with Neurosurgical Conditions and Their Caregivers

Introduction: Advance care planning (ACP) enables quality end-of-life (EOL) care that reflects patients' values and preferences. However, ACP remains limited among individuals with neurosurgical conditions -- such as stroke, glioma, or metastatic brain tumours -- who often experience rapid decline and short prognoses. When ACP discussions occur only after cognitive deterioration or acute events, opportunities for meaningful conversations are lost. This study aims to assess the baseline knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of ACP among neurosurgical patients and their caregivers in Singapo

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