A multinational pharmacoepidemiology atlas of prescription medication associations with all-cause mortality across six population cohorts

Observational studies sometimes report that individual medications are associated with lower mortality, but such signals are rarely compared across drugs and health systems. We screened prescription medications for associations with all-cause mortality using time-dependent Cox models in six cohorts from the UK, US, Finland, Hong Kong and Japan (8.93 million individuals aged 40 years or older; 1.49 billion prescriptions). Most medications were associated with higher mortality, reflecting confounding by indication. A few medications showed inverse associations with mortality, notably the varicel

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