Twenty-five years of phage therapy funding: rapid growth, narrow base

Background. Bacteriophage therapy is moving from compassionate use toward regulated clinical use, as antimicrobial resistance (AMR) grows. Who pays for phage therapy research, and where the money goes, has not been measured globally. Methods. We searched Dimensions on 13 February 2024 and screened 1,521 grant records. We analysed the 802 grants with a recorded funding amount that started in 1999-2023 (USD 318.6 million). We estimated log-linear growth, measured concentration with the Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) and Gini coefficient, and counted shared grants fractionally across recipient

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