Room-Aware Transformer for Activities of Daily Living Recognition in Adults with Mild Neurocognitive Disorder Using Ambient Sensors: Development and Evaluation Study

ABSTRACT Background: Unobtrusive recognition of activities of daily living (ADLs) from ambient sensors may support longitudinal assessment of everyday functioning in adults with mild neurocognitive disorder (mild NCD). However, real-world activity recognition is complicated by heterogeneous home layouts, sensor configurations, routines, and class distributions. Objective: This study evaluated whether a room-aware Transformer that preserves location-specific sensor structure improves participant-level ADL recognition relative to a global Transformer and a stacked unidirectional long short-term

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