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medRxiv PreprintsInternational9 November 2026

Risk Factors for Progressive Cardiorenal Syndrome Events in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: The CRIC Study

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Background: Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is associated with poor outcomes. Risk factors for progressive CRS are not understood in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objectives: This study aimed to determine the incidence of progressive CRS and risk factors in individuals with CKD. Methods: Adults with CKD in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study excluding those with heart failure (HF) at baseline were included (n = 3,557). We defined progressive CRS as developing HF and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) within 12 months. ESKD was defined as needing renal replacement therapy
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