Repeated sleep-medication reporting patterns and cognitive change in HRS and SHARE

Background: Self-reported sleep-medication use has been inconsistently linked to cognitive decline, largely because sleep disturbances, affective symptoms, and treatment transitions co-evolve over time. Moreover, whether repeated sleep-medication reports across consecutive survey waves follow a monotonic dose-response gradient with subsequent cognitive aging remains unclear. We evaluated baseline, two-wave, and three-wave longitudinal patterns of sleep-medication reporting in relation to cognitive trajectories across two large aging cohorts in the United States and Europe. Methods: We analyzed

This content is for informational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement, treatment, or program: especially if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or managing a health condition.