medRxiv PreprintsInternational31 October 2026
Who Publishes During Residency? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Peer-Reviewed Publication Among Residents in the United States
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Background/Objectives: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requires US residents to participate in scholarship, but no review has pooled how many physician residents publish during training. We estimated the proportion who published at least 1 peer-reviewed article during residency and compared specialties. Methods: In October 2026, we searched PubMed, Europe PMC, OpenAlex, ERIC, and ClinicalTrials.gov (protocol, osf.io/eupxr). AI agents screened records, two AI models from different developers independently extracted outcome data, and an author decided every disagreement
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