The impact of warning labels versus traffic light labels on food choice and negative emotional responses: two randomised controlled trials among UK adult populations with and without an eating disorder

Background In the UK, front-of-pack traffic light labels (TLL) are implemented voluntarily. The UK Government are considering alternative FOP approaches, such as nutrient warning labels (WL). However, the effects and potential harm of TLL versus WL in UK consumers are unclear. We compared the effects of WL, TLL, and no label on unhealthy food item selection and negative affect among UK adults with and without an eating disorder (ED). Methods We conducted two online randomised controlled trials. In Study 1, 924 UK adults without an ED diagnosis were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to a WL, TLL, or no

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