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medRxiv PreprintsInternational6 November 2026

Natural History Of Oral Human Papillomavirus In Nigerian Mothers And Youth With And Without HIV: A Prospective Cohort Study

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Objectives: HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer is rising, yet the natural history of oral-HPV, particularly persistence remains poorly characterized in sub-Saharan Africa and in people living with HIV (PLWH). We characterized oral HPV prevalence, incident detection, persistence, and clearance over four visits in a Nigerian mother-youth cohort with and without HIV and quantified the genotype distribution relative to vaccine coverage. Methods: Within the prospective HOMINY cohort, 1075 participants (404 mothers and 671 youth) were followed across four visits at 6-month intervals. Oral rinses we
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