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medRxiv PreprintsInternational8 October 2026

Muse 2 forehead photoplethysmography agrees with Polar H10 for heart rate but overestimates ultra-short RMSSD

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The Muse 2 EEG headset also records forehead photoplethysmography (PPG). We tested whether its pulse intervals can replace Polar H10 RR intervals for ultra-short heart-rate variability in 28 seated recordings (60 s eyes open, then 60 s eyes closed), using fixed processing, no exclusions and eleven sensitivity analyses. Mean heart rate agreed almost perfectly (ICC [≥] 0.999; bias -0.22 and 0.00 beats min-1). SDNN agreement was good to excellent (ICC 0.86 and 0.91; bias +8.6 and +8.2 ms). RMSSD agreement was moderate (ICC 0.60): Muse exceeded Polar in at least 27 of 28 sessions (bias +19.2 an
— medRxiv Preprints
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