Hand hygiene knowledge and practices among health care workers in Uganda: Evidence from Mukono and Kagadi districts

Background: Hand hygiene (HH) is one of the most effective measures to prevent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and limit the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in healthcare facilities (HCFs). Effective HH programs depend not only on the availability of essential resources but also on healthcare workers' (HCWs) knowledge, attitudes, and adherence to recommended HH practices. Despite the critical role of these factors in improving infection prevention and control (IPC), evidence on HH knowledge and practices among HCWs remains limited. In Uganda, such evidence from lower-

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