More Shots on Goal: Heterologous Influenza Prime-Boost Vaccination Decreases the Likelihood of a Negligible Antibody Response to Current or Historical Variants

Seasonal influenza vaccination only elicits a strong and durable antibody response in a subset of recipients, and prior homologous booster trials have failed to improve on single-dose vaccination. Here, we conducted a phase 4 clinical trial to test if a heterologous prime-boost increases antibody magnitude or breadth as well as reduces the rate of non-responders (ClinicalTrials.gov ID# NCT06567860). Participants received a late-season 2023 inactivated influenza vaccine followed by the 2024 booster four months later containing an updated H3N2 strain alongside unchanged H1N1 and B/Victoria strai

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