Home-based primary care services for managing non-communicable diseases in rural India: a retrospective multiple time-point observational study

Purpose: Limited access to healthcare can worsen the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Home-based primary care models, supported by trained health workers enabled with digital platforms, offer a potential strategy to improve NCD prevention and management. Yet, evidence on how such models perform in real-world settings is limited. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of routinely collected data from September 2022 to March 2025 on participants in NEEM, a subscription-based, home-delivered primary care program for managing NCDs in rural Maharashtra, India. Participants receiv

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