Food-Group Intakes and Depression in Tangerang, Indonesia: An Exploratory Case-Control Study

Background: Diet may be associated with depression, but evidence on locally consumed food groups in Indonesia is limited. Objectives: To compare food-group intake between people with and without a formal diagnosis of depression in Tangerang, Indonesia, and to explore whether BMI modifies any association. Methods: In this case-control study, cases were psychiatric outpatients with a formal diagnosis of depression. Controls had no formal diagnosis and were recruited through university and community networks. Daily intake of ten food groups was estimated with a semi-quantitative food frequency qu

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