False-Positive Calls of Reimplemented Published Analyses for Covert Command-Following on Electroencephalograms Recorded Without Study Commands

Objective: To measure how often published electroencephalographic analyses for covert command-following call patients positive without commands, and their detection of genuine responses. Methods: This cross-sectional study applied 11 reimplemented published analyses to electroencephalograms without commands: 974 clinical electroencephalography patients and, with rules fixed, 730 new patients; 38 with prolonged disorders of consciousness; and 544 comatose patients after cardiac arrest. Outcomes: false calls (share called positive) against a 5% benchmark, and genuine-response detection. Results:

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