Detection of Spreading Depolarization with Noninvasive Electroencephalography

Background and Purpose: Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are waves of near-complete breakdown of the transmembrane ion gradients that underlie migraine aura and occur in patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic, ischemic or hemorrhagic brain injury. SDs are involved in primary and secondary brain injury. They are associated with poor neurological outcome and represent a modifiable therapeutic target. However, despite decades of investigation, SD detection still requires invasive subdural electrocorticography (ECoG) using an implanted subdural electrode strip, restricting monitoring to a small

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