Benchmarking single-subject detectability of cognitive event-related potentials in healthy controls and minimally conscious state patients

Event-related potentials (ERP) may reveal residual cognitive processing in disorders of consciousness, but clinical translation is limited because group-level effects do not guarantee reliable single-subject detection. Few ERP paradigms have been benchmarked in healthy participants and compared directly with patients in disorders of consciousness. We tested a hierarchical ERP battery in healthy controls and patients in minimally conscious state (MCS) to (1) estimate upper-bound single-subject detectability in healthy participants, (2) compare detection rates with those of MCS patients, and (3)

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