Baseline Severity and Early Multiorgan Failure to Predict In-Hospital Mortality in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) mortality remains high among patients with severe coronavirus disease. Static admission severity scores may fail to capture the dynamic clinical trajectory of critically ill patients. We hypothesized that early multiorgan failure (MOF) at 24 hours would improve mortality discrimination beyond admission severity alone. Methods: Retrospective, single-center cohort study of 345 adults with severe COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to a Spanish ICU (March 2020-December 2022). The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Univariate comparisons between surv

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