PySpiro: A Python Library for Lung Function Reference Equations and Severity Classification

Background and Objective: Lung function reference equations are essential for interpreting spirometry and related modalities, yet existing tools are fragmented, modality- and language-specific (predominantly R), and lack integrated severity classifiers. We present PySpiro, an open-source Python library unifying 23 spirometry, 1 multiple breath washout, 2 diffusing capacity, 1 static lung volume, and 2 oscillometry reference equations under a single API, with 10 clinical severity classifiers. Methods: PySpiro was implemented in Python 3 using NumPy and pandas, with all equations coded directly

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