Factors associated with the transition from health to disease for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and kidney dysfunction: A NAKO-IMMEDIATE analysis

Background: Cardio-kidney-metabolic (CKM) diseases share risk factors, but their shared and distinct risk factors for disease progression remain unclear. We examined whether classical risk factors predict baseline CKM indicators and their longitudinal changes in a population-based German National Cohort (NAKO) sample. Methods: In 2,650 NAKO-IMMEDIATE participants selected for deep-phenotyping, baseline values and 5-year changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were linearly regressed on age

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