Data-Efficient Prostate Micro-Ultrasound Image Analysis using a Modality-specific Foundation Model

Background and Objective: Micro-ultrasound (MicroUS) is an emerging high-resolution imaging modality for prostate cancer diagnosis and real-time biopsy guidance, but its automated analysis is limited by labor-intensive expert annotation. We aimed to develop and evaluate a foundation model for data-efficient MicroUS image analysis. Methods: We developed muFM, a MicroUS-specific foundation model pretrained using DINOv2-style self-supervised learning on 1,736,391 unlabeled images from 780 patients. The model was fine-tuned and evaluated in three downstream cohorts for prostate capsule segmentatio

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