Can LLMs Succeed in National Dental Examinations? A Comprehensive Analysis of Performance, Strengths, and Limitations

Abstract Background: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored as adjunct tools in graduate medical education, but their reliability for answering discipline-specific certification examinations remains incompletely characterized. In dentistry in China, the national dental examination serves as a milestone for stomatology trainees. Prior studies predominantly rely on single metric, limiting reproducibility and granularity. Objective: To systematically evaluate the performance of five LLMs in answering the national standardized training examination for dental residents. Method: A to

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