Prefrontal EEG Delta-Beta Coupling Marks Depressed State in Adult Siblings

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is marked by disorganization in electrophysiological brain networks, yet it remains unclear whether such disorganization reflects the state-dependent pathological effects or a trait-like vulnerability. We analyzed resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) delta-beta phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) in two sibling cohorts. Current-MDD families included individuals with current MDD and their currently unaffected siblings (n=36), and remitted-MDD families comprised individuals with remitted MDD and their lifetime unaffected siblings (n=110). Delta-Betahigh PAC was

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