Perspectives from EPI personnel on immunization programme performance in Kenya: a thematic, complex adaptive systems and leverage-points analysis

Abstract Immunisation system performance depends on effective service delivery and the generation of high-quality data to support planning and decision-making. With the recent scaling down of external health funding, Kenya must identify sustainable strategies to strengthen the resilience of its immunisation programme. We conducted a three-part qualitative study comprising thematic analysis, application of complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory, and the Meadows leverage-points framework. Thematic key personnel interviews were conducted with selected Essential Programme on Immunisation (EPI) pers

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