Outcomes of Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Prospective Observational Real-World Cohort in Johannesburg, South Africa

Background: Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) is increasingly used for treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) to improve treatment compliance, oncological outcomes and opportunities for organ preservation. However, evidence describing its implementation and outcomes in low- and middle-income countries remains limited. This study evaluated the feasibility, treatment delivery, oncological outcomes and organ preservation outcomes of TNT in a real-world South African setting. Methods: This was a retrospective review of a prospective cohort of adults with histologically confirmed, non-met

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