AI chatbots abandon sleep apnoea referral when simulated patients minimise symptoms

Background: Patients increasingly consult free artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots about their symptoms, but these models may favour agreement with the patient over accuracy. In obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), where most cases in the general population remain undiagnosed and diagnosis depends on referral, this could validate symptom denial. We tested whether consumer chatbots maintain guideline-concordant referral when a simulated patient minimises symptoms. Methods: Seven guideline-concordant and standardised OSA vignettes (apnoea-hypopnoea-index, AHI 8-52 events/h; body mass index 28-42 kg

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